US Pushes for Global Trade Rules in the AI Era, Focusing on Data Flow and Source Code Protection

The Trump administration in the United States is advancing a long-term strategy to establish a new generation of global trade rules surrounding cross-border data flow, cloud computing, software, and artificial intelligence by signing agreements with major trading partners. Currently, 43 jurisdictions worldwide have implemented 146 digital trade barriers, including digital services taxes, data localization requirements, restrictions on cross-border data flow, and demands for companies to hand over source code. The US believes these rules undermine the competitiveness of its tech companies and digital economy. Recent agreements with countries such as Indonesia, Cambodia, and Malaysia have included provisions prohibiting forced technology transfers, ensuring the free flow of cross-border data, banning government requests for companies to submit source code, and maintaining tariff-free electronic transmissions, forming a preliminary framework for digital trade rules in the AI era. Analysts believe that future international competition over data governance, AI regulation, and digital trade standards will become a significant direction in the global economic game.

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